Romania rejected the construction of Djerdap III! - There is no compromise, the Serbian RHPP would reduce the existing electricity production on the Danube

Source: eKapija Wednesday, 07.08.2024. 13:47
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(Photo: Erich Westendarp from Pixabay)
Romania will not make any compromise regarding the production of electricity in the hydroelectric power plants Djerdap 1 and 2 (Portile de Fier/Iron Gate I and II), said Romanian Minister of Energy Sebastian Burduja.

The announcement comes in the context that Serbia wants to build a new hydroelectric power plant on the Danube, designated Djerdap III, downstream of the two existing ones (I and II), which would lead to a decrease in energy production at Iron Gate I and II, Romanian media reported.

- Iron Gate I is a pillar of our energy system, and constant investments in the modernization of this infrastructure are necessary to ensure the stability and efficiency of electricity production. Hidroelectrica remains a strategic partner in achieving Romania's goals of producing safe, green energy at a competitive price. As for Djerdap 3, a possible pumping storage facility on the territory of Serbia, it is now at the level of a feasibility study. The Serbian side cooperated with the US-based company Bechtel, which a week ago presented preliminary data on the investment and possible impact on energy production of Iron Gates I and II. We are very careful about these investment plans because we do not want under any circumstances to suffer the exploitation potential of the existing hydroelectric power plants on the Danube. We understand the importance of Djerdap 3 as a pumped hydroelectric power plant and its role in providing systemic, balancing services, but - once again - we will not make any compromises regarding the production of electricity from Iron Gates I and II - said the Romanian Minister of Energy, Sebastian Burduja, who was on Monday in a working visit to the Portile de Fier I (Djerdap I) Hydropower Plant.

As Romania Journal reminds, Burduja also signed a memorandum on the construction of a gas pipeline between the two countries with the Serbian Minister of Energy on Monday.

- Last, but not least, the topic of Djerdap III (a hydroelectric power plant under pre-construction on the border of Serbia and Romania), a pumping station on the territory of Serbia, which is at the preliminary level of a pre-feasibility study, was discussed today. The Serbian side worked together with the US company Bechtel, which did this preliminary feasibility study, and a week ago they presented preliminary data about this investment and the possible impact on the infrastructure of Iron Gate I and II - Minister Burduja said at the time, according to a Romanian newspaper.


In the Serbian media, on Monday, not a single word was written about Romania's rejection of the construction of Djerdap III.

After signing the memorandum on the gas pipeline with her Romanian counterpart in Kladovo, the minister Dubravka Djedovic Handanovic said that the ministers had discussed the development of the Đerdap III reversible hydroelectric power plant project with the directors of energy companies from both countries.

Previously, in May, during a conversation with the Romanian ambassador to Serbia, the minister stated that the preliminary feasibility study with the general project had been completed, "and that coordination with Romanian colleagues will be very important for the realization of this complex project". Then she said, as reported by the Ministry, that "teams have been formed on both the Serbian and Romanian sides that will cooperate closely in the future."

Romania Journal, however, now confirms the writings of some media and in Serbia, the relevant ministry in Bucharest responded to these statements by the Serbian minister and that the working group for the construction of the Iron gates III hydroelectric plant does not exist. The Romanian Ministry also emphasized that such a project "must be widely discussed, because it could have a significant impact on the environment and navigation".

We remind the readers, Serbia and Romania jointly built HPP Djerdap I and Djerdap II.

The Romanian newspaper recalls that the Portile de Fier I (Djerdap I) hydroelectric power plant, opened in 1972, is one of the largest hydrotechnical structures on the Danube River, with an installed power of 1,166.4 MW and an annual production capacity of approximately 5.4 TWh. This includes a 1,278 meter long dam and 12 Kaplan turbines (of which 6 are operated by Romanian company Hidroelectrica), which are an essential element in Romania's energy system and contribute significantly to electricity generation and river water management. In an average hydrological year, the Portile de Fier I hydropower plant provides approx. 10% of the need for national consumption.

- We have large investment plans in the modernization and diversification of production capacities, with a strong focus on sustainability and innovation. Our company has set aside a budget of EUR 1.4 billion over the next 4 years for investments in modernization, re-technology and acquisitions. We have doubled the budgets for the maintenance of each hydroelectric plant. There are procedures and legal procurement deadlines, there are many challenges, but we are looking for solutions together with the entire Hidroelektrica team. This year, we have greatly increased the pace of investment across the company. I have approved the technical documentation and it will soon be published on SEAP for the transformers required at the Iron Gate. The purchase value of the high-power transformer in Portile de Fier is RON 119 million, the documentation for this purchase has already been completed, and the auction and implementation will follow until 2028. We are in the process of finalizing the works on the hub of the hydro unit located in Resita and we have until February 14, 2025 to put HA1 into operation - said Karoly Borbely, CEO of Hidroelectrica, who visited Portile de Fier together with the Romanian minister on Monday.


Serbian plan for Djerdap III


The plan for the construction of the Djerdap III hydroelectric power plant has existed since the eighties of the last century, immediately after the completion of Djerdap II.

According to the website of PE Elektroprivreda Srbije, Djerdap III would be a reversible HPP that would be built at the 1007th kilometer of the Danube (downstream from Djerdap I and II).

The concept of the solution consists in the fact that water is captured from the Djerdap Lake from an elevation of 68 m, pumped into the upper planned basins of Pesac and Brodice, and that when the Serbian power system has surplus electricity. During load peaks, it works as a storage power plant that provides the necessary power and required amounts of energy.

It is planned that the reversible hydropower plant Djerdap III will be built in three stages.

The total amount of water in the Pesaca and Brodica reservoirs is 578 million m3, which provides the possibility of realizing an energy reserve for crisis periods in the EES. The energy equivalent of both reservoirs, in that last phase of development, would be around 484 GWh.

The total power for all three stages is 2,400 MW.

B. P.
Fotografije:
Opis:
Hidroelektrana Đerdap je sistem od jedne branske i jedne rečne-protočne hidroelektrane, „Đerdap I“ i „Đerdap II“, koje su izgrađene na reci Dunav na izlasku iz Đerdapske klisure, na srpsko-rumunskoj granici, tako da pripada Srbiji i Rumuniji.

U ukupnoj proizvodnji električne energije u Srbiji elektrane Đerdap učestvuju sa oko 20%.

Prva inicijativa za iskorišćavanje energetskog potencijala Đerdapskog sektora Dunava i unapređenje plovnog puta zabeležena je još 1896. godine. Povoljne karakteristike đerdapskog sektora bile su velika brzina vode i veliki pad, vodni vrtlozi, česte promene dubine vode i širine korita. Sa druge strane, postojala je stalna opasnost od hridina i podvodnih stena. Godine 1896. završeno je izvođenje regulacionih radova na Đerdapu, u okviru kojih je izgrađen Sipski kanal. Hugo Luter, nemački inženjer koji je vodio ove radove, predložio je Ministarstvu narodne privrede Kraljevine Srbije da se završetak regulacije Đerdapa iskoristi za podizanje postrojenja za proizvodnju električne energije. Iako je zatražio dobijanje koncesija za korišćenje vodne energije, zahtev mu nije bio odobren.[1]

Ministarstvo poljoprivrede i voda Kraljevine Srba, Hrvata i Slovenaca formiralo je Đerdapsku sekciju sa ciljem da se izradi „Studija o generalnom uređenju Dunavskog sektora zvanog „Đerdap“ – plovidba i iskorišćenje vodene snage“ 10. aprila 1924. godine. Studija je završena 1928. godine, a rezultati su prikazani u devet izveštaja. Tom prilikom je usvojeno rešenje po kome bi se u sektoru Đerdapa izgradile dve hidroelektrane, jedna kod Svinjice, a druga kod Sipa. To bi podrazumevalo i podizanje uzvodne brane između Grebena i Donjeg Milanovca i nizvodne brane ispod Malih gvozdenih vrata. Ideja je podrazumevala da je moguće izvršiti elektrifikacija i industrijalizacija Srbije, Srema, Banata i Bačke sa energijom sa Đerdapa. Nastankom svetske ekonomske krize krajem dvadesetih godina prošlog veka rad na ovom projektu je obustavljen.

Zavod za planiranje Srbije, „Energoprojekt“ je u drugoj polovini 1954. godine izradio elaborat koji je sadržao procenu vrednosti energetskog potencijala đerdapskog sektora. Analize su pokazale da je hidroenergetski potencijal đerdapskog sektora Dunava po kilometru dužine toka četiri do pet puta veći od potencijala na susednim deonicama. Elaborat je 1956. godine poslužio kao osnova za razgovore o zajedničkoj izgradnji hidroenergetskog sistema tokom sastanka predsednika Državnog saveta NR Rumunije Georgi Georgiju Deža (rum. Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej) i predsednika SFRJ Josipa Broza. U junu 1957. godine formirana je Mešovita jugoslovensko-rumunska komisija. U aprilu 1960. godine, vladama Rumunije i Jugoslavije upućen je na usvajanje Tehničko-ekonomski memorandum. Razmatrano je više varijanti sistema i konačno je predloženo najpovoljnije – izgradnja dve hidroelektrane Đerdap 1 i Đerdap 2.

Sporazum o izgradnji sistema potpisali Georgi Georgiju Dež i Josip Broz Tito u Beogradu 30. novembra 1963. godine. Dva predsednika svečano su otvorila radove na izgradnji otkrivanjem spomen-ploča na obe strane Dunava 7. septembra 1964. godine.

Đerdap I je sagrađen 1970. godine na 943. kilometru reke, 10 km uzvodno od Kladova. Na srpskoj i rumunskoj strani Dunava je napravljeno po 6 generatora od po 176,3 MW. Snaga generatora na pragu sa srpske strane iznosi 1.058 MW. Instalisani su za protok od 4800 m?/s i puštani su u pogon od 5. avgusta 1970. godine do 16. maja 1972. Nalazi se u mestu Karataš, a neposredno ispod hidrocentrale se nalaze ostaci rimske tvrđave Diana.

Akumulaciono jezero je zapremine 1380 miliona m?. Brana je simetrična, sa prelivnom branom u sredini i prevodnicama na rumunskoj i srpskoj strani. Godišnje u proseku radi oko 7500 časova i proizvede oko 6000 GWh. Turbine su Kaplanovog tipa i projektovane za padove od 17,5 do 35,4 metara. Generatori su sovjetske proizvodnje LMZ Lenjingrad, dalje licencirano od strane UČM Rešica. (Wikipedia)
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